Histological properties of biological materials in the wound healing process
an integrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56102/afmo.2025.441Keywords:
Histology, Biological material, Wound healing, Wounds and lesionsAbstract
Introduction: Cutaneous wounds offer clinical challenges directly impacting the life of patients, as multiple aspects influence the healing process, including anatomical site, skin type, and the surgical techniques employed. In Brazil, chronic treatment of wounds imposes considerable economic impacts, accounting for 1% to 3% of healthcare costs. The development of effective and low-cost therapeutic alternatives have driven research toward the use of biomaterials (of natural or synthetic origin) to promote tissue regeneration. Objective: This study conducted an integrative review to evaluate the effects of biomaterials on wound healing, with a focus on histological properties. Methods: Twelve studies published in PubMed and MEDLINE databases between 2019 and 2024 meeting the inclusion criteria and addressing interventions with biomaterials were analyzed. Results: Biomaterials modulate the inflammatory response, promote angiogenesis, increase collagen production, and enhance re-epithelization. Despite the potential of biomaterials, the selection of the optimal material must consider the characteristics of the lesion and therapeutic goals. Additional studies are needed to validate the mechanisms of action and the durability of the observed effects. Conclusion: Anatomopathological analysis is essential to assess healing, evaluating the efficacy of interventions and guiding advances biomaterials application for cutaneous wounds, establishing biomaterials as innovative tools in clinical practice.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Gislaine Simões Portela Barros, Sarah Maria Lucena Teles Cruz, Vitória Freire de Menezes Fonsêca, José Mário Ferreira da Rocha Junior, Said José Lucena Teles Cruz , Rhenan de Oliveira Cruz, Tharcia Kiara Beserra de Oliveira
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