Exogenous melatonin and its metabolic effects: literature review

Abstract

Introduction: Melatonin is a hormone produced mainly by the pineal gland and has direct action on the regulation of physiological processes, especially
the circadian cycle. Aim: To demonstrate through the literature the different physiological effects related to the administration of exogenous melatonin. Methods: This is a descriptive and exploratory study, based on the summarization of recent works published in English or Portuguese. We analyzed and
included 25 indexed articles in the databases Scielo, Pubmed, Science Direct and Cochrane. Comments: This hormone is directly involved in the regulation of
physiological processes, such as the circadian cycle, immune and cardiovascular regulation, pro-oxidant and anti-oxidant activity and gastroprotection, in addition to having a neuroprotective and neuromodulatory effect. Conclusion: Melatonin is directly linked to positive effects in processes of the
most diverse body systems. It is a safe and good tolerable molecule, being related to few side effects and not causing withdrawal symptoms.